Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a polar aprotic solvent widely used in chemical and biological research. It is known for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, making it a versatile solvent in laboratories.

DMSO is also used as a cryoprotectant to preserve cells during freezing and as a vehicle for drug delivery due to its ability to penetrate biological membranes. In medical research, DMSO is studied for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

However, it must be handled with care, as it can enhance the absorption of other chemicals through the skin, potentially leading to unintended side effects.